Egypt was a vast kingdom of the ancient world. It was unified around B. Today Egyptologists, archaeologists who focus on this ancient civilization, have learned a great deal about the rulers, artifacts, and customs of ancient Egypt. Use these resources to teach your students about the ancient Egyptians. Discover the source of the Nile with real-life visuals and animated maps. A river is a large, natural stream of flowing water. Rivers are found on every continent and on nearly every kind of land.
Join our community of educators and receive the latest information on National Geographic's resources for you and your students. Skip to content. Image women and children on the banks of the nile The Nile River has been a central feature of life in northeast Africa for thousands of years.
Photograph by David Boyer. Twitter Facebook Pinterest Google Classroom. Encyclopedic Entry Vocabulary. The Nile River flows over 6, kilometers 4, miles until emptying into the Mediterranean Sea. For thousands of years, the river has provided a source of irrigation to transform the dry area around it into lush agricultural land. Today, the river continues to serve as a source of irrigation, as well as an important transportation and trade route.
Blue Nile. Also called linseed. Nile River. White Nile. Media Credits The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. Media If a media asset is downloadable, a download button appears in the corner of the media viewer.
Text Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. The answer is that the river flooded every August! And when it did, all the nutrient-rich soil carried in the water spread across the river banks, leaving a thick, moist mud… Perfect for growing crops!
This is because in the Aswan High Dam was built. This huge dam controls the flow of the river to generate electricity, irrigate water farms and provide homes with drinking water. The Egyptians sure think so! The Nile assumes a northward flow at the end of the bend at Dongola and crosses the third cataract before entering Lake Nasser. The river enters a delta region in North Cairo, where it splits into two distributaries, Rosetta on the west and Damietta on the east.
The two distributaries empty into the Mediterranean Sea. The Nile Delta contains sediments, most of which originate from the Ethiopian plateaus.
No part of the Nile experiences the true Mediterranean or tropical climate. The basin area covering Egypt and Sudan does not receive any rainfall during northern winter, while the southern areas, including the Ethiopian highlands, receive heavy rains of up to 1, millimeters.
The northern trade winds, prevailing over the basin from October to May, cause the arid climate experienced in most parts of the basin. The East African lake region experiences tropical climates, characterized by well-distributed rainfall and little temperature variations. Here, the mean temperature ranges between 60 and 80 degrees Fahrenheit.
The remainder of the basin experiences a desert-like climate, characterized by a dry atmosphere, high-temperature variations, and little to no rainfall. The temperatures often exceed degrees Fahrenheit in Aswan. The only ancient records available were those that the Egyptians made regarding the river's water levels.
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